sat考试悖论_sat verbal

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文章目录列表:

1.如何决定是重考ACT、SAT还是改考
2.SAT的考试内容有什么？
3.手把手教你三步写好一篇不拿高分没道理的SAT ESSAY

如何决定是重考ACT、SAT还是改考

　在参加美国ACT和SAT考试的时候，很多同学可能需要报名某一考试好几次，如何决定是重考ACT、SAT还是改考，在做这个决定时，你应该考虑四件事，包括时间限制，请看本文介绍。

　有时，尽管你付出了努力，但是发现自己的SAT或ACT成绩报告结果却令人失望。但不要失去希望。如果你在申请大学的过程中足够早地参加了标准化考试，你可能有时间部分或全部重新参加考试——或者完全改变考试策略。

　你应该如何决定是重新参加同一门考试更好，还是改变课程，注册另一门考试更好？在作出决定前，请考虑以下各点：

　●避免不必要的测试。

　●考虑你表现不佳的原因。

　●比较不同考试的格式。

　●衡量考试的时间限制。

　 1、避免不必要的测试

　决定SAT或ACT分数是否足够本身就是一门艺术。如果你在ACT或SAT考试中成绩很好，或者足够好，那么对于其他的考试也无需过于担心了。

　在两个考试中都取得高分并不比在一个考试中取得同样高的分数更有好处，尤其是在越来越多的高等教育机构采取考试可选政策的情况下。你的申请时间有限，你最好把精力放在大学录取过程的其他方面。

　 2、考虑你表现不佳的原因

　如果你的ACT或SAT成绩令人失望，考虑一下原因会在哪。你是否纠结于考试的内容和形式，还是环境因素使事情复杂化了？

　许多因素可能会影响你的测试表现，包括焦虑、疲劳和疾病。因为生病的原因，你将面临两次同样的挑战的机会是渺茫的。焦虑和疲劳是你在某种程度上可以克服的生理状态。下次考试前的额外准备时间和充足的休息可以让你有机会建设性地解决这些问题。

　但是你应该更改自己参与的测试吗？如果你的糟糕表现主要是由于环境或缺乏准备，你应该重新参加相同的考试。你将有更少的准备工作要做，因为你已经熟悉了这一考试的格式。你也会有一个现成的指南——就是你以前的成绩报告——哪些部分在你复习过程中应该多投放时间，而哪些不需要。

　这对ACT考试来说尤其关键。那些在考试中某一部分或两部分得分较低的学生可能会首先考虑重考这些部分，然后再转考SAT。从今年9月开始，学生将可以重新参加考试的个别部分，而不是重新参加整个考试。

　然而，需要注意的是，重考只允许以数字形式进行，所以如果你对于在线考试不习惯，那么重考对你来说可能不是什么好事。

　 3、比较不同考试的格式

　在某些情况下，可能是某一项考试的格式对你来说不适应。SAT经过重新设计，两个主要的大学入学考试之间的差距有所缩小，但一些关键的差异仍然存在。

　例如，SAT没有专门分出来的科学部分，但是科学的主题可以包括在其他部分。此外，SAT在数学部分的网格题有不同的格式，这使得学生在每个题上花费的时间比选择题来说稍多一些。

　参加ACT考试但在科学部分表现很差的学生有两种选择。他们可以恰当地改变他们的学习方法，致力于强化复习，然后重新进行ACT科学部分的考试——或者他们可以转换到参加SAT。

　如果你对ACT的科学问题感到非常不舒服，也许是因为这些问题需要仔细阅读题干，或者需要一些关于科学方法等概念的背景知识，那么你可以选择报考SAT。相反，如果你喜欢或有很强的科学背景，你可能应该转换到ACT。然而，你应该注意到，强大的阅读技能本身就足以在ACT科学部分取得成功。

　在转换考试之前，至少参加一次你计划参与考试的完整模拟练习。但不要只是将你的成绩结果与全国平均水平进行比较。

　模拟考试并不能与真实考试中的成绩曲线完全吻合，因此，与其仔细检查你的分数，不如反思一下替代考试形式是否适合你。例如，如果你很难做到精读，那么你在ACT或SAT的大段阅读中是否有更轻松的时间？

　如果你参加ACT考试，也要考虑你是否能从快节奏中受益。有些学生在没有足够的时间去考虑答案是否正确的时候，就能取得好的成绩。另一方面，你可能会发现事实恰恰相反：SAT较慢的考试节奏会减少你的焦虑。

　 4、衡量考试的时间限制

　适应一种新的考试形式，和学会一套新的考试策略可能会很耗时。你有几个月的时间专注于一个完全陌生的测试吗？尽管这两门考试的内容相似，但它们的速度不同，需要采用不同的答案优化策略。

　如果你离最后一次考试还有一个月的时间，那就集中精力从第一次考试中提高一到两个关键的方面。如果只重考ACT中的一两个部分，一个月的时间就足够让你认真对待并看到结果。

　然而，如果你有两到三个月的时间，你将有更多的选择。在这段时间里，你能花多少时间准备考试？如果你有大量的时间来学习，并且发现了转换的结构性优势，那么就可以选择这么做。

　改变考试可能会带来很大的好处，但这并不是提高成绩的万无一失的方法。在进行下一步步骤之前，考虑一下如何避免不必要的测试、性能差的原因、测试选项和可用时间之间的差异。

SAT的考试内容有什么？

sat考试内容包括推理测验和专项测验。

SAT考试分为两部分，包括推理测验和专项测验，包括数学、物理、化学、生物等。总分为1600分，分为阅读（400分）、文法（400分）和数学（800分）三个部分。

SAT是由美国大学委员会委托美国教育测验服务社定期举办的高中毕业生学术能力水平考试，和ACT一起并作为美国各大学申请入学的重要参考条件之一。

SAT是由美国大学委员会委托美国教育测验服务社定期举办的高中毕业生学术能力水平考试，和ACT一起并作为美国各大学申请入学的重要参考条件之一。由美国大学委员会、美国教育测验服务社主办。

手把手教你三步写好一篇不拿高分没道理的SAT ESSAY

sat考试改革 01

在准备新SAT写作考试时，无论是日常习作或是考试现场，考生首先要做的一件事都是仔细揣摩作者意图。思考作者是怎样在文中搭建论据论点，并最终为全文逻辑服务的。

而你行文时使用的论点应当同时满足两个条件，一是恰好能为作者的问题给出答案，二是在表意清楚的前提下尽可能地简明扼要，避免为了追求语句华丽而堆叠词句。考生需要始终记住的一点是，一个强有力的论点应当首先是为整篇文章逻辑服务的一部分，其次才是赢取满意分数的工具。

美国大学理事会认为考生在组织语言成文前应当考虑加入文章中的几点是：证据、有逻辑的论据和有说服力的文体风格。在修辞学上，以上几点都是成就一篇文章不可或缺的因素。

以美国大学理事会官网给出的例题为例：

prompt：

As you read the passage below, consider how Paul Bogard uses

evidence, such as facts or examples, to support claims.

reasoning to develop ideas and to connect claims and evidence.

stylistic or persuasive elements, such as word choice or appeals to emotion, to add power to the ideas expressed.

Adapted from Paul Bogard, Let There Be Dark. 2012 by Los Angeles Times. Originally published December 21, 2012.

At my family s cabin on a Minnesota lake, I knew woods so dark that my hands disappeared before my eyes. I knew night skies in which meteors left smoky trails across sugary spreads of stars. But now, when 8 of 10 children born in the United States will never know a sky dark enough for the Milky Way, I worry we are rapidly losing night s natural darkness before realizing its worth. This winter solstice, as we cheer the days gradual movement back toward light, let us also remember the irreplaceable value of darkness.

All life evolved to the steady rhythm of bright days and dark nights. Today, though, when we feel the closeness of nightfall, we reach quickly for a light switch. And too little darkness, meaning too much artificial light at night, spells trouble for all.

Already the World Health Organization classifies working the night shift as a probable human carcinogen, and the American Medical Association has voiced its unanimous support for light pollution reduction efforts and glare reduction efforts at both the national and state levels. Our bodies need darkness to produce the hormone melatonin, which keeps certain cancers from developing, and our bodies need darkness for sleep. Sleep disorders have been linked to diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and depression, and recent research suggests one main cause of short sleep is long light. Whether we work at night or simply take our tablets, notebooks and smartphones to bed, there isn t a place for this much artificial light in our lives.

The rest of the world depends on darkness as well, including nocturnal and crepuscular species of birds, insects, mammals, fish and reptiles. Some examples are well known the 400 species of birds that migrate at night in North America, the sea turtles that come ashore to lay their eggs and some are not, such as the bats that save American farmers billions in pest control and the moths that pollinate 80% of the world s flora. Ecological light pollution is like the bulldozer of the night, wrecking habitat and disrupting ecosystems several billion years in the making. Simply put, without darkness, Earth s ecology would collapse....

In today s crowded, louder, more fast-paced world, night s darkness can provide solitude, quiet and stillness, qualities increasingly in short supply. Every religious tradition has considered darkness invaluable for a soulful life, and the chance to witness the universe has inspired artists, philosophers and everyday stargazers since time began. In a world awash with electric light...how would Van Gogh have given the world his Starry Night ? Who knows what this vision of the night sky might inspire in each of us, in our children or grandchildren?

Yet all over the world, our nights are growing brighter. In the United States and Western Europe, the amount of light in the sky increases an average of about 6% every year. Computer images of the United States at night, based on NASA photographs, show that what was a very dark country as recently as the 1950s is now nearly covered with a blanket of light. Much of this light is wasted energy, which means wasted dollars. Those of us over 35 are perhaps among the last generation to have known truly dark nights. Even the northern lake wher I was lucky to spend my summers has seen its darkness diminish.

It doesn t have to be this way. Light pollution is readily within our ability to solve, using new lighting technologies and shielding existing lights. Already, many cities and towns across North America and Europe are changing to LED streetlights, which offer dramatic possibilities for controlling wasted light. Other communities are finding success with simply turning off portions of their public lighting after midnight. Even Paris, the famed city of light, which already turns off its monument lighting after 1 a.m., will this summer start to require its shops, offices and public buildings to turn off lights after 2 a.m. Though primarily designed to save energy, such reductions in light will also go far in addressing light pollution. But we will never truly address the problem of light pollution until we become aware of the irreplaceable value and beauty of the darkness we are losing.

Write an essay in which you explain how Paul Bogard builds an argument to persuade his audience that natural darkness should be preserved. In your essay, analyze how Bogard uses one or more of the features in the directions that precede the passage (or features of your own choice) to strengthen the logic and persuasiveness of his argument. Be sure that your analysis focuses on the most relevant features of the passage.

Your essay should not explain whether you agree with Bogard s claims, but rather explain how Bogard builds an argument to persuade his audience.

看完这篇文章，你也许会被Paul Bogard晦涩的行文风格难住，无法理解他究竟是怎么论证自己的观点 Let There Be Dark 。你破题的中心观点也许是Paul Bogard在本文中使用了一些事实来渲染情绪。这个想法看起来有点粗糙，但确实表达了你对文章和作者的理解。值得注意的一点是，这句话并不涉及你是否同意作者的观点，也并不要求你表达自己对黑暗的理解和感受。不同于2016年之前SAT考试中对写作的要求，新版写作的评分体系中考生本人的观点除了分析文章和修辞技巧以外，并没有什么发挥的余地。

第一步，简明扼要的论点 01

在准备新SAT写作考试时，无论是日常习作或是考试现场，考生首先要做的一件事都是仔细揣摩作者意图。思考作者是怎样在文中搭建论据论点，并最终为全文逻辑服务的。

而你行文时使用的论点应当同时满足两个条件，一是恰好能为作者的问题给出答案，二是在表意清楚的前提下尽可能地简明扼要，避免为了追求语句华丽而堆叠词句。考生需要始终记住的一点是，一个强有力的论点应当首先是为整篇文章逻辑服务的一部分，其次才是赢取满意分数的工具。

美国大学理事会认为考生在组织语言成文前应当考虑加入文章中的几点是：证据、有逻辑的论据和有说服力的文体风格。在修辞学上，以上几点都是成就一篇文章不可或缺的因素。

以美国大学理事会官网给出的例题为例：

prompt：

As you read the passage below, consider how Paul Bogard uses

evidence, such as facts or examples, to support claims.

reasoning to develop ideas and to connect claims and evidence.

stylistic or persuasive elements, such as word choice or appeals to emotion, to add power to the ideas expressed.

Adapted from Paul Bogard, Let There Be Dark. 2012 by Los Angeles Times. Originally published December 21, 2012.

At my family s cabin on a Minnesota lake, I knew woods so dark that my hands disappeared before my eyes. I knew night skies in which meteors left smoky trails across sugary spreads of stars. But now, when 8 of 10 children born in the United States will never know a sky dark enough for the Milky Way, I worry we are rapidly losing night s natural darkness before realizing its worth. This winter solstice, as we cheer the days gradual movement back toward light, let us also remember the irreplaceable value of darkness.

All life evolved to the steady rhythm of bright days and dark nights. Today, though, when we feel the closeness of nightfall, we reach quickly for a light switch. And too little darkness, meaning too much artificial light at night, spells trouble for all.

Already the World Health Organization classifies working the night shift as a probable human carcinogen, and the American Medical Association has voiced its unanimous support for light pollution reduction efforts and glare reduction efforts at both the national and state levels. Our bodies need darkness to produce the hormone melatonin, which keeps certain cancers from developing, and our bodies need darkness for sleep. Sleep disorders have been linked to diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and depression, and recent research suggests one main cause of short sleep is long light. Whether we work at night or simply take our tablets, notebooks and smartphones to bed, there isn t a place for this much artificial light in our lives.

The rest of the world depends on darkness as well, including nocturnal and crepuscular species of birds, insects, mammals, fish and reptiles. Some examples are well known the 400 species of birds that migrate at night in North America, the sea turtles that come ashore to lay their eggs and some are not, such as the bats that save American farmers billions in pest control and the moths that pollinate 80% of the world s flora. Ecological light pollution is like the bulldozer of the night, wrecking habitat and disrupting ecosystems several billion years in the making. Simply put, without darkness, Earth s ecology would collapse....

In today s crowded, louder, more fast-paced world, night s darkness can provide solitude, quiet and stillness, qualities increasingly in short supply. Every religious tradition has considered darkness invaluable for a soulful life, and the chance to witness the universe has inspired artists, philosophers and everyday stargazers since time began. In a world awash with electric light...how would Van Gogh have given the world his Starry Night ? Who knows what this vision of the night sky might inspire in each of us, in our children or grandchildren?

Yet all over the world, our nights are growing brighter. In the United States and Western Europe, the amount of light in the sky increases an average of about 6% every year. Computer images of the United States at night, based on NASA photographs, show that what was a very dark country as recently as the 1950s is now nearly covered with a blanket of light. Much of this light is wasted energy, which means wasted dollars. Those of us over 35 are perhaps among the last generation to have known truly dark nights. Even the northern lake wher I was lucky to spend my summers has seen its darkness diminish.

It doesn t have to be this way. Light pollution is readily within our ability to solve, using new lighting technologies and shielding existing lights. Already, many cities and towns across North America and Europe are changing to LED streetlights, which offer dramatic possibilities for controlling wasted light. Other communities are finding success with simply turning off portions of their public lighting after midnight. Even Paris, the famed city of light, which already turns off its monument lighting after 1 a.m., will this summer start to require its shops, offices and public buildings to turn off lights after 2 a.m. Though primarily designed to save energy, such reductions in light will also go far in addressing light pollution. But we will never truly address the problem of light pollution until we become aware of the irreplaceable value and beauty of the darkness we are losing.

Write an essay in which you explain how Paul Bogard builds an argument to persuade his audience that natural darkness should be preserved. In your essay, analyze how Bogard uses one or more of the features in the directions that precede the passage (or features of your own choice) to strengthen the logic and persuasiveness of his argument. Be sure that your analysis focuses on the most relevant features of the passage.

Your essay should not explain whether you agree with Bogard s claims, but rather explain how Bogard builds an argument to persuade his audience.

看完这篇文章，你也许会被Paul Bogard晦涩的行文风格难住，无法理解他究竟是怎么论证自己的观点 Let There Be Dark 。你破题的中心观点也许是Paul Bogard在本文中使用了一些事实来渲染情绪。这个想法看起来有点粗糙，但确实表达了你对文章和作者的理解。值得注意的一点是，这句话并不涉及你是否同意作者的观点，也并不要求你表达自己对黑暗的理解和感受。不同于2016年之前SAT考试中对写作的要求，新版写作的评分体系中考生本人的观点除了分析文章和修辞技巧以外，并没有什么发挥的余地。

第二步，完整严密的证据链条 01

你的论点应当是整篇文章的灵魂和支撑点，为全文的主体结构指定了方向。仅就上文提到的例题而言，仅仅摘录原文作为依据提供 动人的语言 和 有据可查的事实 是远远不够的，你还需要分析你自己的例子来佐证作者总领全文的论点。

在 Let There Be Dark 这篇文章的开篇，Bogard回忆了他在明尼苏达州度过的童年，他使用了 meteors left smoky trails across sugary spreads of stars. 来形容童年记忆中天空的黑暗。

这是一段典型的、十分动人的文字。效用是可以迅速营造场景，同化读者的思绪，让读者从文字里感受到他脑海中再现的童年景致。他描述的场面被文字生动起来，并帮助读者感受到了几十年前，光污染还不甚严重时那个黑漆漆的曼妙夜空。而你可能也需要注意到Bogard使用了sugar这个词，与童年相呼应，强调了仙境的梦幻感。

需要再次重申，一定不要仅仅只是在文中罗列范例，相反，应当提出一个简单明晰的二级论点来总结你的废话。以上文举例，对于上一段我们着意分析的这句话，你可以这样在文中体现你的观点，即， The author uses powerful imagery that calls readers to imagine a vanishing world of childlike awe rooted in the beauty and mystery of the night sky.

你需要做的是重复作者说了什么，怎么说的，这句话的深意是什么以及这个片段是怎样与全文融为一体的。

而在考试作文提示(prompts)中提及的元素通常是最容易被考生化为己用的行文结构，如果时间实在紧迫，阅读全文有困难，也可以从prompts中敲定你的二级论点，你需要关注的是作者选择了哪些事实来支持他的观点，你的分析就应当主要围绕这些事实展开。

而往下梳理例题线索，我们不难发现作者使用的论据出现了导向分化，所以需要马上为这个现象做一个总结， Certain facts establish that the night sky is growing brighter and that lack of darkness has a negative impact on health.

最后，你需要关注的地方则是作者为什么选择这些论据来支持自己的观点，为什么又提到了健康而非只说美学这一个观点?他本可以简单的论证光污染使我们失去了美丽的夜空，但他又提到了光污染对健康的影响，那么根据这些证据判断，他的文章说服力是更强了还是更弱了呢?

这都是考生需要思考并融入文中的。最后，需要考生确保自己留足了时间来撰写一个说服力足够强大的结论，用以收拢前文千头万绪的线索文思。这一点说起来容易做起来却难，考生常常由于时间紧迫或是全局观欠缺等因素，在文章的最后只是简单总结了自己的观点，而忽略了一个点睛之笔对全文的升华作用。

第三步，无懈可击的结论 01

最后，需要考生确保自己留足了时间来撰写一个说服力足够强大的结论，用以收拢前文千头万绪的线索文思。这一点说起来容易做起来却难，考生常常由于时间紧迫或是全局观欠缺等因素，在文章的最后只是简单总结了自己的观点，而忽略了一个点睛之笔对全文的升华作用。

也许会有考生抱怨自己文采不够，很难在有限的时间里想出一个足够耀眼的点睛之笔，那么不如尝试使用一个总结段落来代替。相信我，即使文采不够亮眼，但总结段落的重要性是不言而喻的 这是一个让结论与正文粘合在一起的绝佳方法。

而对于例题来说，结尾段可以这样写： Bogard's essay called on powerful imagery of a magical childhood under assault from a flood of wasteful and unnecessary light. The mix of cold, hard facts with emotionally intense language builds to a whole that is stronger than the sum of its parts.

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